Answers for "why using .encode('utf-8')"

utf8 encode php

$a = "Não";
  
echo utf8_encode($a);

how to convert utf-16 file to utf-8 in python

with open(ff_name, 'rb') as source_file:
  with open(target_file_name, 'w+b') as dest_file:
    contents = source_file.read()
    dest_file.write(contents.decode('utf-16').encode('utf-8'))