Answers for "how does a quicksort work"

quicksort

// @see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=es2T6KY45cA&vl=en
// @see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXXWXz5rF64
// @see https://www.cs.usfca.edu/~galles/visualization/ComparisonSort.html

function partition(list, start, end) {
    const pivot = list[end];
    let i = start;
    for (let j = start; j < end; j += 1) {
        if (list[j] <= pivot) {
            [list[j], list[i]] = [list[i], list[j]];
            i++;
        }
    }
    [list[i], list[end]] = [list[end], list[i]];
    return i;
}

function quicksort(list, start = 0, end = undefined) {
    if (end === undefined) {
        end = list.length - 1;
    }
    if (start < end) {
        const p = partition(list, start, end);
        quicksort(list, start, p - 1);
        quicksort(list, p + 1, end);
    }
    return list;
}

quicksort([5, 4, 2, 6, 10, 8, 7, 1, 0]);

quicksort

algorithm quicksort(A, lo, hi) is
    if lo < hi then
        p := partition(A, lo, hi)
        quicksort(A, lo, p - 1)
        quicksort(A, p + 1, hi)

algorithm partition(A, lo, hi) is
    pivot := A[hi]
    i := lo
    for j := lo to hi do
        if A[j] < pivot then
            swap A[i] with A[j]
            i := i + 1
    swap A[i] with A[hi]
    return i