abstract class example in java
//abstract parent class
abstract class Animal{
//abstract method
public abstract void sound();
}
//Dog class extends Animal class
public class Dog extends Animal{
public void sound(){
System.out.println("Woof");
}
public static void main(String args[]){
Animal obj = new Dog();
obj.sound();
}
}is it necessary for abstract class to have abstract method
Abstract classes CAN have non-abstract methods.can abstract class have non abstract methods in java
abstract class AbstractDemo { // Abstract class
private int i = 0;
public void display() { // non-abstract method
System.out.print("Welcome to Tutorials Point");
}
}
public class InheritedClassDemo extends AbstractDemo {
public static void main(String args[]) {
AbstractDemo demo = new InheritedClassDemo();
demo.display();
}
}abstract classes and interfaces in java
abstract class have no implementation of methods functions inside it. the classes which extending abstract class have to implement itwhat are abstract classes in java
Sometimes we may come across a situation
where we cannot provide implementation to
all the methods in a class. We want to leave the
implementation to a class that extends it.
In that case we declare a class
as abstract by using abstract keyword on method
signature.In my framework I have created my
PageBase class as super
class of the all page classes.
I have collected all common elements
and functions into PageBase class and
all other page classes extent PageBase class.
By doing so, I don't have to locate very
common WebElements and it provides
reusability in my framework.
i)List<String> webs=driver.getWindowHandles();
=>create a list first to store web URLs in list
ii)findElements evaluates multiple elements so therefore will assigned to List <WebElement>
iii)To handle dynamic elements store it in the list and identify by index:
List<WebElement> all=driver.findElements(By.tagname(“”)); (or other locators).
Also
1)Abstract classes cannot be instantiated
2)An abstarct classes contains abstract method,
concrete methods or both.
3)Any class which extends abstarct class must
override all methods of abstract class
4)An abstarct class can contain either
0 or more abstract method.Copyright © 2021 Codeinu
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